Spot croaker (Leiostomus xanthurus) fish species and information / pictures of Spot croaker - Leiostomus xanthurus

Spot croaker (Leiostomus xanthurus) fish species information

Scientific Name
Leiostomus xanthurus

Common Name
Spot croaker

Biology
Found usually over sandy or muddy bottoms in coastal waters to about 60 m depth. Occurs in nursery and feeding grounds in river estuaries during summer and fall. Juveniles often stay in the estuarine waters throughout the year. Feeds mainly on worms, small crustaceans and organic detritus. A small specimen of this species was caught in Tokyo Bay, Japan, probably brought in with the ballast water of a ship (Ref. 10325).

Classification

Classified By
Lacep?de, 1802
Class
Ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii)
Order
Perch-like fish (Perciformes)
Family
Drums or croakers (Sciaenidae)

Distribution

Region
Western Atlantic
Distribution
Western Atlantic: Massachusetts to northern Mexico; absent in southern Florida.
Range
43°N - 19°N

Environment

Climate
Subtropical
Water Temperature From
Unknown °C
Water Temperature To
Unknown °C
Depth From - meters
Unknown m
Depth To - meters
60 m
Zone
demersal
Environment
Marine; brackish; demersal; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); depth range ? - 60 m (Ref. 10325)
Trophic Level
3.94 s.e. 0.38 Based on diet studies.
Occurs in Marine / Salt water
True
Occurs in Brackish water
True
Occurs in Fresh Water
False
Occurs on Reefs
False
Is kept in Aquariums
False

Physical Size and Genetics

Maximum Length
36.0 cm
Common Length
25.0 cm
Phylogenetic Diversity Index
PD50 = 1.0000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Human Uses and Population

Human Uses
Fisheries: commercial; bait: occasionally
Vulnerability
Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100)
Resilience
High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=0.4; tmax=4)
Threat To Humans
  Harmless
IUCN Red List Status
  Not Evaluated