Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) fish species and information / pictures of Atlantic herring - Clupea harengus

Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) fish species information

Scientific Name
Clupea harengus

Common Name
Atlantic herring

Biology
Nerito-pelagic (Ref. 58426). Schooling in coastal waters, with complex feeding and spawning migrations whose timing and extent correlate with the more or less distinct races recognizable on morphological grounds. Feed on small planktonic copepods in the first year, thereafter mainly on copepods. A facultative zooplanktivorous filter-feeder, i.e., it can switch to filter-feeding if the food density and particle size are appropriate (Ref. 28664). Spend the day in deeper water, but rise to the surface at night. They find their food by visual sense. Feeding and growth are very low during winter. Mature sexually at age 3-9 years (Ref. 35388). At least one population spawns in any one month of the year. Eggs are laid on substrate. They can be divided into several different stocks and races. The most important races in the East Atlantic are the winter-spawning

Classification

Classified By
Linnaeus, 1758
Class
Ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii)
Order
Herrings (Clupeiformes)
Family
Herrings, shads and sardines (Clupeidae)

Distribution

Region
North Atlantic
Distribution
North Atlantic: northern Bay of Biscay northward to Iceland and southern Greenland, eastward to Spitsbergen and Novaya Zemlya, including the Baltic; southwestern Greenland and Labrador southward to South Carolina.
Range
80°N - 33°N, 79°W - 70°E

Environment

Climate
Temperate
Water Temperature From
1 °C
Water Temperature To
18 °C
Depth From - meters
0 m
Depth To - meters
364 m
Zone
benthopelagic
Environment
Marine; brackish; benthopelagic; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 0 - 364 m (Ref. 58426)
Trophic Level
3.23 s.e. 0.39 Based on diet studies.
Occurs in Marine / Salt water
True
Occurs in Brackish water
True
Occurs in Fresh Water
False
Occurs on Reefs
False
Is kept in Aquariums
False

Physical Size and Genetics

Maximum Length
45.0 cm
Common Length
30.0 cm
Phylogenetic Diversity Index
PD50 = 0.5625 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Human Uses and Population

Human Uses
Fisheries: highly commercial; gamefish: yes
Vulnerability
Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100)
Resilience
Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (rm=0.5-1.2; K=0.2-0.6; tm=2-5; tmax=25; Fec=20,000)
Threat To Humans
  Harmless
IUCN Red List Status
  Least Concern (LC)