Pond smelt (Hypomesus olidus) fish species and information / pictures of Pond smelt - Hypomesus olidus

Pond smelt (Hypomesus olidus) fish species information

Scientific Name
Hypomesus olidus

Common Name
Pond smelt

Biology
Inhabits brackish water of estuaries, lagoons, coastal waters of open sea, freshwater of lowland and piedmont rivers and lakes (Ref. 59043). Found in middle and surface water of ponds, lakes and streams, over a variety of bottom types (Ref. 5723). The species is basically anadromous, ascending rivers to spawn in spring (Ref. 33312). The anadromous populations are pelagic at the sea, commonly at 4-5 m depth and spawn in rivers. Landlocked populations may spawn in lakes or undertake migration to their tributaries. Spawns along shallow river shores and in backwaters with little or no current, often in lakes, on sand or gravel bottom (Ref. 59043). Within a specific lake or pond, adults are generally found in inshore spawning areas in spring and early summer, later moving offshore (Ref. 27547). Feeds on zooplankton, insects and algae (Ref. 28680, 28681). Only a

Classification

Classified By
Pallas, 1814
Class
Ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii)
Order
Smelts (Osmeriformes)
Family
Smelts (Osmeridae)

Distribution

Region
Arctic, Northwest to Northeast Pacific
Distribution
Arctic, Northwest to Northeast Pacific: drainages from Rae River (Coronation Gulf) and Great Bear Lake in Northwest Territories, Canada to Copper River in Alaska (Ref. 33312). Also rivers, estuaries and coastal waters of Euorpean and Siberian shores of Artic Ocean, from Kara drainage to Chukotka in eastern Siberia and to Korea and Hokkaido in Japan (Ref. 59043).
Range
71°N - 55°N

Environment

Climate
Boreal
Water Temperature From
Unknown °C
Water Temperature To
Unknown °C
Depth From - meters
10 m
Depth To - meters
Unknown m
Zone
pelagic-neritic
Environment
Marine; freshwater; brackish; pelagic-neritic; anadromous (Ref. 33312); depth range 10 - ? m (Ref. 5723)
Trophic Level
3.21 s.e. 0.42 Based on diet studies.
Occurs in Marine / Salt water
True
Occurs in Brackish water
True
Occurs in Fresh Water
True
Occurs on Reefs
False
Is kept in Aquariums
False

Physical Size and Genetics

Maximum Length
20.0 cm
Common Length
11.3 cm
Phylogenetic Diversity Index
PD50 = 0.5313 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Human Uses and Population

Human Uses
Fisheries: commercial
Vulnerability
Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100)
Resilience
Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (tm=2; tmax=5)
Threat To Humans
  Harmless
IUCN Red List Status
  Least Concern (LC)